`o-I-c-hm-Z-¯n-sâ a-d-hnð Iq-Sp-Xð IÀ-¡-iam-b Ip-Sn-tb-ä \n-b-a-§Ä {]-Jym-]n-¨v Im-a-tdm¬ cw-K¯v. Un-¸ââv hn-k-bnð F-¯p-ó-hÀ c-ï-c hÀ-j-¯n\-Iw Cw-¥o-jv `m-j ]co-£ ]m-km-I-W-sa-ópw Añm-¯]-£w A-h-cp-sS Pohn-X ]-¦mfntbm a-¡tfm bp-sI-bnð D-sï-¦nð t]m-epw bm-sXm-cp Im-cp-W-bp-anñm-sX \m-Sv I-S-¯p-sa-óp-am-Wv ]pXn-b {]-Jym-]\w. s]m-Xp Ø-e-§-fnepw hn-Zym-`ym-k Øm-]-\-§-fnepw _pÀ-¡ \n-tcm-[n-¡p-ó-Xn-\v \n-b-a \nÀ-am-Ww sIm-ïp h-cm³ D-t±-in-¡p-ón-sñ-óv ]-d-ª Im-a-tdm¬ G-sX-¦nepw kv-Iq-fp-IÄ-t¡m tIm-tf-Pp-IÄt¡m tem-¡ð kÀ-¡m-cp-Itfm tIm-SXntbm \n-tcm[-\w GÀ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bmð A-Xn-s\ ]n-´p-W-bv¡pw F-óp A-dn-bn-¨n-«p-ïv.. Im-a-tdm-Wn-sâ ]pXn-b {]-Jym]-\w Ip-Sn-tb-ä k-aq-l-¯nð {]-tXy-In-¨v apÉow kv-{Xo-IÄ-¡n-S-bnð I-Sp-¯ F-XnÀ-¸n-\v Im-c-W-am-bn I-gn-ªp. \n-e-hnð bp-sI-bnð D-Å-hÀ¡pw C-\n h-cm³ t]m-Ip-ó-hÀ¡pw Fñmw _m[-Iw B-Ip-ó hn-[w \n-b-a ]-cn

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A´na Xocpam\w Bbn«nsñ¦nepw ÌpUâv hnk Ffp¸am¡m\pw Ht«sd \b§Ä tPmÀPv Hkv-t_mWnsâ Hm«w tÌäv-saânð Dsïóv hnZKv²À hnebncp¯póp. s\äv C½nt{Kj³ IW¡nð hcp¯pó amäamWv {][m\w. ÌpUâv hnk¡msc s\äv C½nt{Kj³ IW¡nð \nópw amäpótXmsS s]cp¸n¨pÅ IW¡pIÄ CñmXmhmw. s\äv C½nt{Kj³ IW¡v icnbmhm³ Cu amäw A\nhmcyamsWóv ]eIpdn {_n«ojv aebmfn FgpXnbncpóp. HutZymKnIamb IpSntbä¡mcpsS F®¯nð \nópw hnZymÀ°nIsf Hgnhm¡m³ km[n¡psaóv Nm³keÀ tPmÀPv Hkv-t_m¬ t\cs¯ Xsó kqNn¸n¨ncpóp. CXp hgn IpSntbä¡mcpsS F®¯nð IpdhpïmIpópshóv ImWn¡m³ IgnbpsaómWv At±lw A`n{]mbs¸«ncpóXv. Fómð hÀ[n¨v hcpó IpSntbä¡mcpsS F®s¯ abs¸Sp¯m\pÅ \o¡w \S¯pópshó Btcm]Ww CXns\¯pSÀóv t\cntSïn hcpsaópw At±lw apódnbnt¸Inbncpóp. C¡mcy¯nð tlmw sk{I«

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B-`y-´-c I-em-]-hpw `o-I-cm-{I-a-Whpw hym-]-Iam-b kn-dn-b-bnð-\nópw C-dm-Jnð-\n-ópw lw-K-dn-bn-eq-sS Zn-h-tk-\-sb-¯p-ó B-bn-c-¡-W-¡n-\v A-`-bmÀ-YnIÄ Hm-kv-{Sn-b¡pw PÀ-a-\n¡pw X-e-th-Z-\-bm-Ipóp. A-`-bmÀ-Yn {]-hm-lw A-\n-b-´n-X-am-b-tXm-sS, jw-K¬ hn-k D-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-ó-hÀ¡p-t]mepw C-an-t{K-j³ ]-c-n-tim-[-\ GÀ-s¸-Sp-¯m-\p-Å \o-¡-¯n-em-Wv PÀ-a\n. kn-dn-b-bnð-\n-óp-Å A-`-bmÀ-Yn-IÄ Nn-e bq-tdm-]y³ cm-Py-§-fnð am-{Xw F-¯n-t¨-cp-ó-Xm-Wv C¯-c-sam-cp B-tem-N-\-bv-¡v PÀ-a-³ Nm³-k-eÀ Fw-K-e saÀ-¡-en-s\ t{]-cn-¸n-¡p-óXv. bq-tdm-¸n-se {_n-«-s\m-gn-sI-bp-Å cm-Py-§Ä-¡n-sS bm{Xm kzm-X-{´yw A-\p-h-Zn-¡p-ó sjw-K¬ I-cm-dn-s\-t¸mepw A-{]-k-à-am-¡p-ó-Xm-Wv A-`-bmÀ-Yn {]-hm-l-sa-óv A-hÀ ]-d-bpóp. A-`-bmÀ-Yn-I-fm-bn F-¯p-óh-sc I-S-¯p-ó kw-L-§Ä hym-]-I-am-bXpw Cu cm-Py-§-fnð I-Sp-¯ {]-Xnk-Ôn kr-ãn-¨n-«pïv. a-\p-jy-¡S-¯v X-S-bp-I-sb-ó e-£y-t¯m-sS t]m-eo-kv ]cn-tim-[-\ I&Agrav

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Atôm Ft«m hÀjw ap³]v hsc F-§-s\sb¦nepw bpsI-bnð F¯n-bmð ]nsó GXv km[m-c-W-¡m-c-sâbpw PohnXw c£-s¸-Sp-am-bn-cp-óp. ÌpUâv hnk-bnð F¯n-bmepw tPmen... ]T\w Ign-ªmð hÀ¡v s]Àan-äv... Fs´-¦nepw _nkn-\Êv sN-bmXmð kvInðUv hnk... \gvkm-sW-¦nð DbÀó i¼-fw... hnk-bnð F¯pó-hÀ¡pw tPmen... hcp-am-\w... A§s\ A§s\ At\Iw B\p-Iq-ey-§Ä. Im-a-tdm¬ kÀ¡mÀ A[nIm-c-taäv Aôv hÀjw XnIbpw ap³]v Fñmw sh«n Npcp-¡n. hÀ¡v s]Àan-änñ. F§-s\sb-¦nepw F¯n-bmð tPmen Cñ. ÌpUâv hnk-¡mÀ¡pw Ah-cpsS B{in-XÀ¡pw tPmen-bnñ C§s\ t]mbn ]cn-jvI-c-Ww. Gähpw HSp-hnð hÀ¡v hnk-bnð F¯n-bmepw NnIn-Õn-¡m³ ^okv sImSp¡Ww Fó ]cnjv-Imcw \S-¸n-em-bn. Ct¸mÄ  Btem-Nn¡p-óXv IpSn-tb-ä-¡m-cpsS a¡-fpsS hnZym-`ymkw XS-bp-I-bmWv. Ct¸mÄ HcmÄ¡v hÀ¡v s]Àanäv e`n¨mð Ah-cpsS a¡Ä¡v kuP\y-ambn ChnsS kvIqÄ hnZym-`ymkw \S-¯mw.

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s]m-Xp-ta-J-e-bnð tPm-en sN-¿p-ó-hÀ-¡v Cw-¥o-jv `m-j kw-km-cn-¡m³ A-dn-ªn-cn-¡-W-sa-ó \n_-Ô-\ DÄ-s¸-Sp-¯n {_n-«-\nð C-an-t{K-j³ _nð h-cp-óp. Cw-¥o-jv kw-km-cn-¡m³ t]m-ep-a-dn-bm-¯-hÀ tPm-en-¡v I-b-dpó-Xv ]-e ta-J-e-I-fn-sebpw {]-hÀ-¯-\-§Ä-¡v Xn-cn-¨-Sn-bm-Ip-óp F-óp-I-ïmWv Cu co-Xn-bnð \nb-aw ]-cn-jv-I-cn-¡p-óXv. \n-e-hnð Cw-¥o-jv `m-j ]-cn-Úm-\w ]-e X-kv-Xn-I-I-fnepw \nÀ-_-Ô-amWv. F-ómð, C-Xv Iq-Sp-Xð ta-J-e-I-fn-te-¡v hym-]n-¸n-¡m-\m-Wv kÀ-¡m-cn-sâ Xo-cp-am\w. Cw-¥o-jv kw-km-cn-¡m³ A-dn-bp-ó-hÀ F³-F-¨vF-kv B-ip-]-{Xn-I-fnð tPm-en sN-¿p-ó-Xn-s\-Xn-sc k-ao-]-Ime-¯v i-àam-b hn-aÀi-\w D-bÀ-ón-cpóp. \-gv-kp-amÀ-¡v Cw-¥o-jv A-dn-bm¯-Xv tcm-Kn-I-fp-am-bp-Å B-i-b-hn-\n-ab-s¯ km-c-am-bn _m-[n-¡p-óp-sïópw C-Xv ]-cn-N-c-W-¯n-sâ \n-e-hm-cw X-IÀ-¡p-óp-sïópw hn-aÀi-\w D-bÀ-ón-cp-óp. C¯-cw ]-cm-Xn-IÄ H-gn-hm-¡p-ó-Xn-\m-Wv s]m-Xp-ta-J-e-bnð

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{_n«\nse k¼Zv hyhØsb ASnapSn amänadn¡m³ Hcp§nbnd§nbncn¡pIbmWv Nm³keÀ tPmÀPv Hkv-t_¬. CXn\\pkrXambn hnhn[ ]cnjv-Imc§fmWv At±lw \mÄ¡v \mÄ {]Jym]n¨p sImïncn¡póXv. Ct¸mgnXm C³Iw SmIv-kpw \mjWð C³jqd³kpw Hóm¡m\pÅ \o¡hpambn Nm³keÀ cwKs¯¯nbncn¡póp. CXp hgn AXn\pÅ sNehpIÄ ]camh[n Ipdbv¡pIbmWv At±lw e£yanSpósXóv hyàam-Wv.  Ct¸mÄ \S¸nem¡m³ Dt±in¡pó C³Iw SmIv-kpw \mjWð C³jqd³kpw Hóm¡m\pÅ \S]Sn Ncn{X]camb Hcp ]²XnbmWv. \nIpXn hyhØsb Cf¡n adnbv¡pó Cu ]cnjv-Imcw ZivЧġnsS FSp¡pó kp{][m\amb Hcp \o¡amWv. Cu ]cnjv-Imcw \S¸nem¡póXnsâ `mKambn ]T\w \S¯m\mbn Nm³keÀ Hcp ]T\¯n\v AwKoImcw \ðInbncn¡pIbmWv. CXneqsS ]pd¯v hcpó ^e§fpsS ASnØm\¯nð Hcp knwKnÄ 'GÀWnwKv SmIv-kv ' GÀs¸Sp¯m\mWv Hkv-t_¬ ]²Xnbn«ncn¡póXv. 1911emWv \mjWð C³jpd³kv tIm¬{Sn_yqj³ knÌw Bcw`n¨Xv. CXv Bcw`n¨ Ime¯v tcmK§sfb

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Cãanñm¯ A¨n sXm«sXms¡ Ipäw...' Fó coXnbnepÅ Hcp ]gsômñv NnebnS§fnð {]Nmc¯nepïv. \ap¡v Cãanñm¯hÀ F´v sNbvXmepw AXv IpäamIpsaópw B t]cnð Ahsc AIän \nÀ¯m\pÅ {]hW hÀ[n¡psaópamWnXnsâ s]mcpÄ. hÀ[n¨v hcpó IpSntbä¡mtcmSv ISp¯ A\nãapÅ ]pXnb tSmdn kÀ¡mcpw CtX \bamWnt¸mÄ A\phÀ¯n¨v hcpóXv. X§Ä hmKvZm\w sNbvXXv {]Imcw IpSntbäw GXv hnt[\bpw \nb{´n¡m³ thïn GXäw hsc t]mIm\pw ]pXnb Imatdm¬ kÀ¡mÀ I¨ sI«nbnd§nbncn¡pIbmWv. AXn\v Fs´ms¡ Imcy§fpw ImcW§fpw NnIsªSp¡mtam AsXms¡ kÀ¡mÀ sNbvXv sImïncn¡pIbpamWv. hnkm \S]SnIÄ IÀ¡iam¡pIbmWv IpSntbä¯n\v aq¡pIbdnSm\pÅ Hcp {][m\ \bambn tSmdnIÄ A\phÀ¯n¨v hcpóXv. CXnsâ `mKambn C\napXð hnkbv¡v At]£n¡pt¼mÄ 10 hÀj¡mew in£n¡s¸«nñ Fóp sXfnbn¡pó tcJbpw kaÀ¸nt¡ïn hcpw. IpSntbäw \nb{´n¡m³ asämcp ]²Xn IqSn

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ÌpUâv hn-k-bnð bp-sI-bn-te-¡v h-cp-ó-Xn-s\-¡p-dn-¨v B-sc-¦n-epw \n-§-tfm-Sv A-`n-{]m-bw tNm-Zn-¨mð ss[-cy-am-bn C-\n t\m ]-d-bmw. ]T-\ k-ab-¯v tPm-en sN¿mt\m Un-¸³Uâv hn-k-bnð D-Å-hÀ-¡v tPm-en sN¿mt\m km-[n-¡m-¯ hn-[-ap-Å \n-b-a-]-cn-jv-¡c-Ww A-Sp-¯ am-kw ap-Xð \-S-¸n-em-Ip-sa-óv D-d-¸m-b-tXm-sS-bm-Wv C§-s\ ]-d-tb-ïn h-cp-óXv. A-ta-cn-¡-bnepw \yq-kn-em³-Unepw Hm-kv-t{S-en-b-bnepw H-s¡ t]m-bn ]Tn-¨mð ]T-\ k-ab-¯v F-¦nepw tPm-en sN-¿m³ km-[n¡-th {_n-«-Wn-te-¡v h-tc-ï H-cp km-l-Ncyw Cñ F-ó-Xm-Wv bm-YmÀ-Yyw. Im-\U t]m-se-bp-Å cm-Py-§-fnð ]T-\w I-gn-ªmð hÀ-¡v s]À-an-äv e-`n-¡m³ km[y-X D-Å-t¸m-gm-Wv {_n-«-Wn-se Cu A-\m-h-iy \n-b-{´-Ww. Cu \n-b-{´-Ww I-gn-ª Znh-kw sh-fn-bnð h-ón-cp-só-¦nepw C-Xp \-S-¸n-em-¡p-ó Xn-b-Xnbpw C-t¸mÄ ]pd-¯p h-ón-cn-¡p-I-bmWv. shdpw {]-Jym]-\w am-{X-añ D-S³ X-só \-S-]-Snbpw D-ïm-Ip-sa-óv kq-Nn-¸n¨p-sIm-ïv ]p-Xn-b ]-cn-jv-¡c-Ww \-S-¸n-em-¡p-ó Xo

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bpsIbnse bqWnthgv-knänIfpsS \nc´camb tcmZ\w Imatdm¬ kÀ¡mÀ tI«nñ. bqWnthgv-knänIfpsS \ne\nð¸ns\ Xsó CñmXm¡n sImïv ISp¯ ÌpUâv hnk \nb{´Ww {]Jym]n¨v tlmw sk{I«dn tXtck ta cwKs¯¯n. ]T\w Ignªv cïv hÀjw tPmen sN¿m³ AhImiw Dïmbncpó Imew amdn ]Tn¡pt¼mÄ t]mepw tPmen sN¿m³ ]äm¯ AhØbmWv C\n DïmhpI. Uns¸³UâvamÀ¡pw bpsIbnð tPmen sN¿m³ C\n km[yañ. Npcp¡¯nð ÌpUâv hnk¡mÀ¡pw Uns¸³Uân\pw C\n Hcp aWn¡qÀ t]mepw tPmenbnñm¯ AhØbmWv kwPmXamIpóXv. AXmbXv AhÀ¡v ]T\w Ignªmð DS³ \m«nte¡v aS§mw. Imcy§Ä C¯c¯nemWv aptóm«v t]mIpósX¦nð bpsIbnte¡v ]Tn¡m³ ]«n t]mepw Xncnªv t\m¡m¯ AhØbmbncn¡pw kwPmXamIpI.   ]Tn¡ms\ó t]cnð ChnsSsb¯n tPmen sN¿póhcpsS F®w \mÄ¡v \mÄ hÀ[n¨p sImïncn¡pó kmlcy¯nemWv kÀ¡mÀ CXp kw_Ôn¨ \S]SnIÄ IÀ¡iam¡ms\mcp§pó

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SnbÀ Sp hnkIfpsS Imcy¯nð Hcp Ncn{X kw`h¯n\mWv Pq¬ km£yw hln¨ncn¡póXv. AXmbXv amkw XpS§n 11 Znhk¯n\Iw  {]kvXpX amk¯nð A\phZn¨ncn¡pó 1650 SnbÀ Sp XkvXnIbnepw hÀ¡v s]Àanäv A\phZn¨ncn¡pIbmWv. Cu Hcp Ahkc¯nð SnbÀ Sp hnksb¡pdn¨pÅ GXm\pw Imcy§fpw Cós¯ AhØIfpw shñphnfnIfpw NÀ¨ sN¿póXv DNnXambncn¡pw. hnZ²s¯mgnepIÄ Adnbmhpó IpSntbä¡mÀ¡pf-f SnbÀ2(P\dð) hnk ----------------bqtdm]y³ F¡tWmanIv Gcnbbv¡v ]pd¯v \nópw Ignhpä sXmgnemfnIsf SnbÀ 2 kv-t]m¬kÀjn¸n-eqsS bpsIbnte¡v sImïphóv \nban¡m³ ChnSps¯ sXmgnepSaIsf A\phZn¡pó hnkbmWv bpsI SnbÀ 2 (P\dð) hnk. SnbÀ 2 hnkbv¡mbn At]£n¡m\mbn IpSntbä¡mÀ SnbÀ 2 t]mbnâv sSÌnð Npcp§nbXv 70 t]mbnâpIsf¦nepw t\SWw. C¯c¯nð t]mbnâpIÄ t\SpóhÀ¡v bpsIbnse sXmgnepSa hmKvZm\w sN¿pó A\ptbmPyamb Hcp i¼fs¯msSm¸apÅ Hcp kv-t]m¬kÀjn¸v kÀ«n^n¡äv e`n¡pw. SnbÀ 2 C

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